Background: Ethics includes interesting, human relation and cooperation in work. Creativity is an attempt to make a subjective change in organization. Present research Investigate the relationship between work ethic and creativity of employees.Method: This study is an applicable research that it uses descriptive-correlation method. Population of study includes 50 employees of Shahrood Cement Company. Sample of study consists all of the population. Data were collected by creativity and work ethics questionnaire. Obtained data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and ANOVA.Results: Interest and cooperation in work have significant correlation. Working diligently and human relations have no significant relation with creativity.Conclusion: It can be concluded that with focusing on interesting and cooperation in work, the creativity can be increased.

Inaccurate and incorrect interpretations of the Qur'an or presenting personal views using some verses of the Qur'an in the name of religion have led to the creation of views that in some cases are not in harmony with science or human experience. These views can weaken the divine religion. One of these views is the appointment of economic cooperative to Islam by referring to the verse called "cooperative". In this article, an attempt has been made to accurately translate the verse of cooperation by referring to the verses of the Qur'an and using the method of translating the Qur'an with the Qur'an and provide a more accurate understanding of the Qur'anic cooperation. Based on this, we come to the conclusion that the verse of cooperation in the Qur'an does not refer to issues in which there is a worldly personal interest, such as economic cooperative companies.

Notwithstanding Karl Popper’s deep admiration for ancient Greece and his affection for modern Greece, his work has been mostly viewed with caution by Greek scholars who, until relatively recently, often chose to either ignore or downplay it. This stance can be partially attributed to the novel approach of Popper’s critique to Plato which did not fare well with the foundational biases of modern Greek academic tradition and the prevailing intellectual inclinations of Greek scholars in the fields of the methodology of science and political theory. Although this bias has begun to recede during the last decades, there remains a lot to be done to fully integrate Popper’s work into the Greek intellectual and social discourse. Nevertheless, the establishment of the Department of History and Philosophy of Science at Athens University, along with the efforts of academics and public intellectuals, particularly during the Greek financial crisis of the last decade, have played a pivotal role in generating a broader interest in critical rationalism and popularizing Popper’s ideas among a wider audience. This paper examines the evolution of the reception of Popper’s ideas in Greece, both in scholarly circles and in public life, from the time of publication of his seminal work “The Open Society and its Enemies” until today, highlighting the efforts to foster a more comprehensive understanding of his important contributions

Introduction: The hasty and chaotic withdrawal of US forces from Afghanistan hastened the Taliban’s return to power in Kabul and revived old fears of contagion of conflict and terrorism to neighboring countries. In this regard, compared to the 1990s, the Taliban today are linked to international jihadist networks, and the Taliban’s goal remains the same as it was in the 1990s: to capture Kabul and establish an Islamic emirate based on Sharia. Therefore, Taliban dominance does not seem to guarantee peace. In fact, it could signal the emergence of a new wave of hostility and radicalization. Insofar as Afghanistan is a country fractured by ethnic, tribal, and religious divisions and has been at the center of geopolitical competition for centuries. On the other hand, despite the agreement between the US and the Taliban to prevent the activities of terrorist groups on Afghan soil, the Taliban have intensified their attacks on rural areas of several provinces, especially in northern Afghanistan, and have taken control of key border crossings and areas bordering Iran, Turkmenistan, and Tajikistan. These issues raise theoretical challenges and make it necessary to examine the challenges of Talibanism gaining power around the member states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Theoretical framework: The regional security complex theory not only presents the internal dynamics of regional systems as an independent whole, free from the effects of both macro (international system structure) and micro-level variables, but also has the ability to explain the dynamics of different regional systems. Buzan and Weaver define the regional security complex as: “a set of units in which their major processes of securitization and de-securitization are interconnected and whose security problems cannot be   logically analyzed or solved in isolation.” Hence, it can be argued that the regional security complex theory is fundamentally based on the concept of security dynamics and regional models. The main structure of this theory is formed by state-to-state relations across a geographical boundary that give rise to the region as it is. This is important insofar as political and military threats are more powerful in creating a sense of insecurity than other threats to state insecurity, which is related to geographical proximity. The center of gravity of the regional security complex theory is that security threats more easily affect nearby areas than those at greater distances. Methodology: The present research method is descriptive-analytical and the data collection tool is library, document and internet studies. The methodological framework of this article is a qualitative study, considering the research topic and the theoretical framework. The qualitative analysis method emphasizes on the text that expresses the realities of the challenges of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. At the same time, it is practical in terms of purpose. So that the theoretical framework based on the regional security complex used in this research has become significantly popular in regional studies today. To the extent that it has been fruitful for descriptive and analytical purposes by referring to it. From this perspective, the present thesis uses description as a method in identifying theoretical concepts and definitions of existing literature and uses analysis in operationalizing the impact of the Taliban's re-empowerment on the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Results & Discussion: Today, regional powers increasingly describe Afghanistan as an isolated country in terms of military, economic, demographic, political and ideological resources to project power in the regional security complex, and also as a connecting country due to its unique geostrategic location at the crossroads of Central Asia, South Asia and the Middle East, which has led to permanent instability, which has stemmed from internal power struggles and external interference and attempts to control Afghanistan. Since the 1990s, threats from Islamic extremists have become a common theme in the SCO region’s cooperation. As indigenous economic and physical constraints and regressive political developments hinder progress towards a new regional economic entity, the return of Taliban rule to Afghanistan would have important implications for the region and international politics more broadly. More generally, the potential challenges that a Taliban-ruled Afghanistan might pose to the security and regional interests of SCO member states are significant for the development of long-term cooperation. With the Taliban’s return to power in Afghanistan following the US withdrawal, there has been growing speculation about what this could mean for neighboring countries. Indeed, the SCO’s primary concern has been to contain the spread of terrorism, extremism and separatism in SCO member states. The Taliban’s dominance in Afghanistan has been seen as a key base for Islamic extremism, with many extremists and Islamic terrorists being trained in the country. Cases that cause the member states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization to face crises in order to develop cooperation and pose numerous challenges for the member states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, such as political-security, economic, border disputes, refugees, and ideological challenges.   Conclusions & Suggestions: Given the confrontation between the United States and the powerful SCO countries and many objective issues, more opportunities have been created for the SCO, which can become one of the most effective international organizations on the Eurasian continent. To this end, the SCO must resolve some internal issues that pose major obstacles to the further development of the organization. In particular, with the beginning of a new stage in the development of the SCO through the attraction of new members, a topic that includes the development of capabilities in the field of regional security has emerged. In fact, the expansion of the organization provides an opportunity to significantly optimize the task of cooperation in the field of regional security around countering terrorism, extremism, transnational crime and illegal drug trafficking. This is in the interests of all member states. Due to the overlapping borders of the countries with Afghanistan and the economic interdependence that is supposed to create a regional open market system, Afghanistan will have a great contribution to its neighbors if it is stable and prosperous.

Background and Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, progressive and degenerative myelin sheath of the central nervous system. Manifestation and side effect of this disease drastically impress patient’s body image and destruct self concept. The objective of the implementation of this study was to evaluate the effect of Orem self- care program on multiple sclerosis patients’ self concept.Materials and Methods: This quesi-experimental study was done on 34 MS patients referred to Ayatollah Kashani hospital in Shahrekord – Iran, during 2008. The patients were selected by convenience sampling. 8 sessions educational program based on patients needs and Orem self care frame work during 3 months were carried out and with self reporting sheets program was pursued. After 3 months self concept questionnaire completed and data were analyzed by using SPSS-11.5 software and paired T, will kakson and kruskal wallis tests.Results: Mean of self concept, prior and post intervention was 60.67±4.20, 118.26±3.53, respectively (P<0.05). No significant correlation was found between age, gender, educational level, marriage status, number of children, occupation, level of income, duration of outbreak, times of hospitalized with self esteem.Conclusion: This study showed that self care program based on the Orem frame work has positive effects on self esteem in multiple sclerosis patients. Therefore this program is recommended in MS patients.

In twentieth century, especially during the Cold War era, the two ideas of Nationalism and Internationalism were the main competitor approaches in different schools of thought in the field of international studies. However, global integration between states and nations from economic, cultural, and communicational aspects has created a new magnificent world which is more integrated and the interests of political units are more incorporated. Based on this new world order, the major rival trends in the world arena are two recent dominant approaches of globalism and regionalism. The appearance of the successful regionalism regimes in Europe and also in the South East Asian region while they have tried to keep their correlations with the global trends, have prepared a suitable model for other regions to construct regional unities in a globalized framework.This paper aims to examine one of the most important issues in the SCO region - the exploration and transportation of energy-in the framework of regionalism and globalism approaches. Regarding to this matter, the outlook of the energy cooperation between the SCO countries and the position of the other powerful players in the region will be analyzed. The opportunities and challenges confronted with the producers and consumers of this strategic commodity to achieve energy security in this region also will be discussed.

Domestic, regional and International activists has a close relationship with political-security decision-making and bargaining as an effective mechanism in the relations of the Persian Gulf Cooperation Council. Any regional developments can affect the balance of power between the Persian Gulf countries. For this reason, the main goal of this research is to explain the degree of importance and the degree of influence of internal, regional and extra-regional actors on Iraq's participation and cooperation in the Persian Gulf Cooperation Council. This research is applied and has been done by historical-correlation method. The collection of information is library and field and the sample size is 42 people. According to the findings of the research and based on Walt's defensive realism, Iraq's cooperation and participation in the three countries of the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, and Saudi Arabia is affected by the similar perceptions and feelings that these countries have regarding Iran's threats in the region; Therefore, these countries have adopted the threat balance policy to deal with Iran's threats against their interests and security, but the two countries of Qatar and Oman follow the interest balance policy in order to maintain the regional balance. According to the results of the research, the order of priority of actors influencing Iraq's participation and cooperation in the Cooperation Council includes: "regional actors", "Iraq", "international actors" and "J.A. Iran"..